{"id":51834,"date":"2026-07-05T09:16:38","date_gmt":"2026-07-05T09:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/?page_id=51834"},"modified":"2026-07-05T09:22:30","modified_gmt":"2026-07-05T09:22:30","slug":"modal-substitutes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/centre-apprentissage-anglais\/grammaire-anglaise\/modal-substitutes\/","title":{"rendered":"Les modal substitutes en anglais"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"le-learn\">\n<style>\n  body{background:#fff !important;}\n  #primary,#content,#main,.entry-content,article,.site-content,.elementor{background:#fff !important;}\n  .le-learn{font-family:\"Montserrat\",-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",Roboto,sans-serif;color:#222;line-height:1.6;max-width:820px;margin:0 auto;background:#fff;padding:50px 28px 12px;border-radius:0;}\n  .le-learn h1{font-size:30px;line-height:1.25;color:#023E8A;margin:0 0 16px;}\n  .le-learn h2{font-size:23px;color:#023E8A;margin:40px 0 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.le-struct{display:inline-block;background:#FFF1E0;color:#C45300;border-radius:6px;padding:3px 9px;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px;}\n  .le-card ul{margin:8px 0 0;padding-left:18px;}\n  .le-note{background:#FFF8EC;border:1px solid #f3e2c0;border-left:5px solid #F7941D;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:18px 0;}\n  .le-note p{margin:0 0 8px;}\n  .le-note p:last-child{margin:0;}\n  .le-cta{background:#EAF2FB;border:1px solid #cfe0f5;border-left:5px solid #023E8A;border-radius:10px;padding:20px 22px;margin:26px 0;}\n  .le-cta p{margin:0 0 14px;font-size:16px;}\n  .le-btn{display:inline-block;background:#F7941D;color:#fff !important;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700;font-size:15px;padding:12px 22px;border-radius:8px;}\n  .le-btn:hover{background:#e07e09;}\n  .le-mistakes{counter-reset:m;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;}\n  .le-mistakes li{position:relative;padding:12px 14px 12px 50px;border:1px solid #ECEEF2;border-radius:8px;margin-bottom:10px;background:#fff;}\n  .le-mistakes li:before{counter-increment:m;content:counter(m);position:absolute;left:14px;top:12px;width:24px;height:24px;background:#023E8A;color:#fff;border-radius:50%;text-align:center;line-height:24px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;}\n  .le-embed{position:relative;padding-bottom:62%;height:0;overflow:hidden;border-radius:10px;margin:6px 0 22px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(2,62,138,.08);background:#F8FAFC;}\n  .le-embed iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;}\n  .le-learn details{border:1px solid #ECEEF2;border-radius:8px;margin-bottom:10px;background:#fff;}\n  .le-learn details summary{cursor:pointer;padding:14px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#023E8A;list-style:none;}\n  .le-learn details summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none;}\n  .le-learn details summary:after{content:\"+\";float:right;font-size:20px;line-height:1;color:#F7941D;}\n  .le-learn details[open] summary:after{content:\"\\2013\";}\n  .le-learn details .le-ans{padding:0 16px 16px;}\n  .le-takeaways{background:#F8FAFC;border:1px solid #ECEEF2;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 22px 18px 38px;}\n  .le-takeaways li{margin:6px 0;}\n  .le-keep{padding-left:18px;}\n  .le-eeat{font-size:14px;color:#555;font-style:italic;border-top:1px solid #ECEEF2;padding-top:16px;margin-top:30px;}\n  @media(max-width:640px){\n    .le-learn{padding:40px 16px 8px;border-radius:0;}\n    .le-trust{flex-wrap:wrap;white-space:normal;font-size:12px;gap:6px;}\n    .le-learn h1{font-size:25px;}\n    .le-toc ul{columns:1;}\n    .le-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n  }\n<\/style>\n<h1>Les modal substitutes en anglais : comment les employer<\/h1>\n<div class=\"le-trust\"><span><b>10,000+<\/b> pros form\u00e9s<\/span><span class=\"le-sep\">&bull;<\/span><span>depuis <b>2007<\/b><\/span><span class=\"le-sep\">&bull;<\/span><span><b>4.9\/5<\/b> de note<\/span><span class=\"le-sep\">&bull;<\/span><span>professeurs natifs exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s<\/span><span class=\"le-sep\">&bull;<\/span><span>essai gratuit, <b>sans carte<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<p>Les <em>modal substitutes<\/em> sont des mots ou expressions qui remplacent un verbe modal pour exprimer la m\u00eame id\u00e9e aux temps et formes que les modaux n&rsquo;ont pas. Par exemple, <span class=\"le-en\">must<\/span> n&rsquo;a ni pass\u00e9 ni futur, on emploie donc <strong>have to<\/strong> : \u00ab I <strong>had to<\/strong> leave \u00bb, \u00ab I <strong>will have to<\/strong> leave. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Ce guide s&rsquo;adresse aux niveaux B1 \u00e0 B2 qui veulent exprimer correctement l&rsquo;obligation, la capacit\u00e9 et la permission \u00e0 tous les temps. \u00c0 la fin, vous conna\u00eetrez les principaux substituts, quand employer chacun, les diff\u00e9rences de sens qui comptent (<span class=\"le-en\">must vs have to<\/span>, <span class=\"le-en\">don&rsquo;t have to vs mustn&rsquo;t<\/span>) et les erreurs \u00e0 \u00e9viter. Trois exercices sont sur cette page.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-toc\"><strong>Sur cette page<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-video\">R\u00e9sum\u00e9 en vid\u00e9o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-what\">Ce que sont les modal substitutes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-table\">Les principaux substituts<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-detail\">Chaque substitut en d\u00e9tail<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-must\">Must vs have to<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-could\">Could vs was able to<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-dont\">Don&rsquo;t have to vs mustn&rsquo;t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-mistakes\">Erreurs fr\u00e9quentes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-practice\">Exercices<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-faq\">FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ms-takeaways\">\u00c0 retenir<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-video\">Un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 en vid\u00e9o<\/h2>\n<div class=\"le-video\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/PIB8O0n_wrM\" title=\"Modal substitutes in English\" loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-what\">Ce que sont les modal substitutes<\/h2>\n<p>Les verbes modaux comme <span class=\"le-en\">must, can, may<\/span> et <span class=\"le-en\">should<\/span> sont utiles, mais ils ont un probl\u00e8me : ils ne se conjuguent pas \u00e0 tous les temps. <span class=\"le-en\">Must<\/span> n&rsquo;a ni pass\u00e9 ni futur, <span class=\"le-en\">can<\/span> n&rsquo;a pas d&rsquo;infinitif et <span class=\"le-en\">may<\/span> n&rsquo;a pas de forme parfaite. Quand ces formes sont n\u00e9cessaires, on emploie un modal substitute : une expression qui porte le m\u00eame sens mais se comporte comme un verbe normal, donc utilisable \u00e0 tous les temps.<\/p>\n<p>Par exemple, on ne peut pas dire \u00ab I will must go \u00bb. On emploie le substitut : \u00ab I <strong>will have to<\/strong> go. \u00bb C&rsquo;est toute la raison d&rsquo;\u00eatre des modal substitutes.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ms-table\">Les principaux modal substitutes<\/h2>\n<p>Voici les substituts les plus fr\u00e9quents. La colonne d&rsquo;exemple montre un temps que le modal lui-m\u00eame ne peut pas former.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-table-scroll\">\n<table class=\"le-tbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Verbe modal<\/th>\n<th>Sens<\/th>\n<th>Substitut<\/th>\n<th>Exemple (temps impossible au modal)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>MUST<\/td>\n<td>obligation, n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>have to, need to<\/td>\n<td>I <strong>had to<\/strong> work late. \/ You <strong>will have to<\/strong> wait.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CAN<\/td>\n<td>capacit\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>be able to<\/td>\n<td>She <strong>has been able to<\/strong> drive since May.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MAY \/ CAN<\/td>\n<td>permission<\/td>\n<td>be allowed to<\/td>\n<td>We <strong>were allowed to<\/strong> leave early.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SHALL \/ SHOULD<\/td>\n<td>attente, conseil<\/td>\n<td>be supposed to, be expected to<\/td>\n<td>You <strong>were supposed to<\/strong> call me.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"le-cta\">\n<p><strong>Les substituts ont l&rsquo;air simples et pi\u00e8gent \u00e0 l&rsquo;usage.<\/strong> Choisir le bon au bon temps, en parlant, demande de la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition. R\u00e9servez un cours d&rsquo;essai gratuit et entra\u00eenez-vous avec un professeur natif exp\u00e9riment\u00e9, sans carte bancaire.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"le-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/member.booknstart.com\/trial-registration?lg=fr&#038;referred_by=grammar-modal-substitutes&#038;office_id=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u00e9server mon cours d&rsquo;essai gratuit<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-detail\">Chaque substitut en d\u00e9tail<\/h2>\n<div class=\"le-cards\">\n<div class=\"le-card\">\n<h3>HAVE TO \/ NEED TO = must<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"le-struct\">obligation, n\u00e9cessit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Employez have to ou need to pour l&rsquo;obligation aux temps o\u00f9 must ne fonctionne pas.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Past: I <strong>had to<\/strong> retake the exam.<\/li>\n<li>Future: We <strong>will have to<\/strong> book early.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"le-card\">\n<h3>BE ABLE TO = can (ability)<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"le-struct\">capacit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Employez be able to pour la capacit\u00e9 au pass\u00e9, au futur, au parfait et \u00e0 l&rsquo;infinitif.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Future: I <strong>will be able to<\/strong> help tomorrow.<\/li>\n<li>Perfect: He <strong>has been able to<\/strong> swim for years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"le-card\">\n<h3>BE ALLOWED TO = may \/ can (permission)<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"le-struct\">permission<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Employez be allowed to pour la permission \u00e0 tous les temps.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Past: We <strong>were allowed to<\/strong> go home.<\/li>\n<li>Future: You <strong>will be allowed to<\/strong> vote at 18.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"le-card\">\n<h3>BE SUPPOSED TO \/ BE EXPECTED TO = should<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"le-struct\">attente, conseil<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Employez ces formes pour ce qui est attendu ou pr\u00e9vu, \u00e0 tous les temps.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Present: You <strong>are supposed to<\/strong> wear a badge.<\/li>\n<li>Past: She <strong>was expected to<\/strong> arrive at noon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-must\">Must vs have to : une petite diff\u00e9rence bien r\u00e9elle<\/h2>\n<p>Au pr\u00e9sent, <span class=\"le-en\">must<\/span> et <span class=\"le-en\">have to<\/span> expriment tous deux l&rsquo;obligation, mais la source diff\u00e8re. <span class=\"le-en\"><strong>Must<\/strong><\/span> signifie en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral que l&rsquo;obligation vient du locuteur (un sentiment personnel). <span class=\"le-en\"><strong>Have to<\/strong><\/span> signifie en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral qu&rsquo;elle vient de l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur (une r\u00e8gle, une loi, quelqu&rsquo;un d&rsquo;autre).<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-table-scroll\">\n<table class=\"le-tbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Phrase<\/th>\n<th>D&rsquo;o\u00f9 vient l&rsquo;obligation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>I <strong>must<\/strong> call my mother tonight.<\/td>\n<td>Personnelle. Je sens que je devrais.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>I <strong>have to<\/strong> wear a uniform at work.<\/td>\n<td>Ext\u00e9rieure. C&rsquo;est une r\u00e8gle de l&rsquo;entreprise.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Au pass\u00e9 et au futur, il n&rsquo;y a pas de choix : must n&rsquo;a ni pass\u00e9 ni futur, on emploie donc toujours had to et will have to.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ms-could\">Could vs was able to : la capacit\u00e9 au pass\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Pour une capacit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale au pass\u00e9, <span class=\"le-en\">could<\/span> et <span class=\"le-en\">was\/were able to<\/span> conviennent : \u00ab I <strong>could<\/strong> swim when I was five \u00bb ou \u00ab I <strong>was able to<\/strong> swim when I was five. \u00bb Mais pour une chose pr\u00e9cise r\u00e9ussie une fois, employez <span class=\"le-en\"><strong>was\/were able to<\/strong><\/span>, pas could.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-table-scroll\">\n<table class=\"le-tbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Situation<\/th>\n<th>Forme correcte<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Capacit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale au pass\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>I <strong>could<\/strong> read music as a child. (or was able to)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Une r\u00e9ussite pr\u00e9cise<\/td>\n<td>After an hour, I <strong>was able to<\/strong> fix it. (not \u00ab\u00a0I could fix it\u00a0\u00bb)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-dont\">Don&rsquo;t have to vs mustn&rsquo;t : \u00e0 ne pas confondre<\/h2>\n<p>Ces deux formes se ressemblent mais signifient le contraire.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-note\">\n<p><strong>Don&rsquo;t have to<\/strong> signifie que ce n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9cessaire. Vous pouvez le faire si vous voulez, mais vous n&rsquo;\u00eates pas oblig\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>You <strong>don&rsquo;t have to<\/strong> bring a towel, the hotel provides them.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mustn&rsquo;t<\/strong> signifie que c&rsquo;est interdit. Ne le faites pas.<\/p>\n<p>You <strong>mustn&rsquo;t<\/strong> park there, it is for emergency vehicles only.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-mistakes\">Erreurs fr\u00e9quentes avec les modal substitutes<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"le-mistakes\">\n<li><strong>Mettre deux modaux ensemble.<\/strong> Faux : <span class=\"le-en\">I will can help.<\/span> Correct : <span class=\"le-en\">I <strong>will be able to<\/strong> help.<\/span> Employez le substitut plut\u00f4t qu&rsquo;un second modal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Employer \u00ab must \u00bb au pass\u00e9.<\/strong> Faux : <span class=\"le-en\">Yesterday I must work.<\/span> Correct : <span class=\"le-en\">Yesterday I <strong>had to<\/strong> work.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Confondre don&rsquo;t have to et mustn&rsquo;t.<\/strong> <span class=\"le-en\">You don&rsquo;t have to<\/span> est facultatif ; <span class=\"le-en\">you mustn&rsquo;t<\/span> est interdit. Ce n&rsquo;est pas la m\u00eame chose.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Employer \u00ab could \u00bb pour une r\u00e9ussite pr\u00e9cise au pass\u00e9.<\/strong> Faux : <span class=\"le-en\">The door was stuck but I could open it.<\/span> Correct : <span class=\"le-en\">I <strong>was able to<\/strong> open it.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"ms-practice\">Exercices sur les modal substitutes<\/h2>\n<p id=\"ex1\" style=\"scroll-margin-top:90px;\"><strong>Exercice 1.<\/strong> Choisissez le bon modal substitute pour compl\u00e9ter la phrase.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-embed\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/learningapps.org\/watch?v=pabccyuek23\" title=\"Modal substitutes exercise\" loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p id=\"ex2\" style=\"scroll-margin-top:90px;\"><strong>Exercice 2.<\/strong> Compl\u00e9tez les phrases avec le bon substitut au bon temps.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-embed\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/learningapps.org\/watch?v=ptrvvj5nt23\" title=\"Modal substitutes exercise\" loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p id=\"ex3\" style=\"scroll-margin-top:90px;\"><strong>Exercice 3.<\/strong> Corrigez les erreurs dans les phrases suivantes.<\/p>\n<div class=\"le-embed\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/learningapps.org\/watch?v=p9y1bgy8j23\" title=\"Modal substitutes exercise\" loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h3>V\u00e9rification rapide<\/h3>\n<p>Choisissez le bon substitut et le bon temps, puis affichez les r\u00e9ponses.<\/p>\n<p>1. Tomorrow I ____ (must) finish the report before noon. <em>(obligation future)<\/em><br \/>\n   2. The door was stuck, but after a while she ____ (can) open it. <em>(une r\u00e9ussite pass\u00e9e)<\/em><br \/>\n   3. Visitors ____ (may) use the staff car park at weekends. <em>(permission au pr\u00e9sent)<\/em><\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Afficher les r\u00e9ponses<\/summary>\n<div class=\"le-ans\">\n<p>1. will have to finish. &nbsp; 2. was able to open it. &nbsp; 3. are allowed to use.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<div class=\"le-cta\">\n<p><strong>Comment c&rsquo;\u00e9tait ?<\/strong> Reconna\u00eetre le bon substitut dans un exercice est une chose. Le produire au bon temps en parlant, voil\u00e0 le but. Dans un cours d&rsquo;essai gratuit, un professeur natif exp\u00e9riment\u00e9 vous fera les employer dans de vraies phrases en quelques minutes.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"le-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/member.booknstart.com\/trial-registration?lg=fr&#038;referred_by=grammar-modal-substitutes&#038;office_id=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Essayer un cours gratuit<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"ms-faq\">Questions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2>\n<details>\n<summary>Que sont les modal substitutes ?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"le-ans\">Les modal substitutes sont des mots ou expressions qui remplacent un verbe modal pour exprimer le m\u00eame sens aux temps et formes que les modaux n&rsquo;ont pas. Les plus courants sont have to (pour must), be able to (pour can), be allowed to (pour la permission may\/can) et be supposed to (pour should).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Pourquoi emploie-t-on des modal substitutes ?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"le-ans\">Les verbes modaux ne se conjuguent pas \u00e0 tous les temps. Must n&rsquo;a ni pass\u00e9 ni futur, can n&rsquo;a pas d&rsquo;infinitif et may n&rsquo;a pas de forme parfaite. Les substituts se comportent comme des verbes normaux : \u00ab I had to go \u00bb, \u00ab I will be able to help \u00bb, \u00ab We were allowed to leave. \u00bb<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre must et have to ?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"le-ans\">Au pr\u00e9sent, must signifie en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral que l&rsquo;obligation vient du locuteur (un sentiment personnel), tandis que have to vient de l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur, comme une r\u00e8gle ou une loi. Au pass\u00e9 et au futur, il n&rsquo;y a pas de choix : must n&rsquo;a ni pass\u00e9 ni futur, on emploie had to et will have to.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre don&rsquo;t have to et mustn&rsquo;t ?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"le-ans\">Don&rsquo;t have to signifie que ce n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9cessaire, mais vous pouvez le faire si vous voulez. Mustn&rsquo;t signifie que c&rsquo;est interdit, donc ne le faites pas. \u00ab You don&rsquo;t have to come \u00bb est facultatif ; \u00ab you mustn&rsquo;t come \u00bb est une interdiction.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Comment parler de la capacit\u00e9 au pass\u00e9 ?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"le-ans\">Pour une capacit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale au pass\u00e9, vous pouvez employer could ou was\/were able to. Pour une chose pr\u00e9cise r\u00e9ussie une fois, employez was\/were able to, pas could : \u00ab After an hour, I was able to fix it \u00bb, pas \u00ab I could fix it. \u00bb<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<h2 id=\"ms-takeaways\">\u00c0 retenir<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"le-takeaways\">\n<li>Les modal substitutes permettent d&#8217;employer le sens des modaux aux temps qu&rsquo;ils n&rsquo;ont pas.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"le-en\">must<\/span> \u2192 <span class=\"le-en\">have to \/ need to<\/span> ; <span class=\"le-en\">can<\/span> \u2192 <span class=\"le-en\">be able to<\/span> ; permission <span class=\"le-en\">may\/can<\/span> \u2192 <span class=\"le-en\">be allowed to<\/span> ; <span class=\"le-en\">should<\/span> \u2192 <span class=\"le-en\">be supposed to<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Ne mettez jamais deux modaux ensemble : \u00ab will be able to \u00bb, pas \u00ab will can \u00bb.<\/li>\n<li>Must vs have to : obligation personnelle vs r\u00e8gle ext\u00e9rieure.<\/li>\n<li>Don&rsquo;t have to (facultatif) et mustn&rsquo;t (interdit) sont oppos\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Continuez \u00e0 apprendre<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"le-keep\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/learning\/grammar\/modal-verbs\/\">Les verbes modaux en anglais<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/learning\/passive-form\/\">La voix passive<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/learning\/grammar\/let-make-have-get\/\">Verbes causatifs : let, make, have et get<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/centre-apprentissage-anglais\/\">Plus de guides de grammaire anglaise<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/english-level-test\/\">Testez votre niveau d&rsquo;anglais<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/online-english-school\/english-teachers\/\">Rencontrez nos professeurs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"le-eeat\">R\u00e9dig\u00e9 et r\u00e9vis\u00e9 par les professeurs natifs exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s de Live English, en ligne depuis 2007.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{ \"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/centre-apprentissage-anglais\/grammaire-anglaise\/modal-substitutes\/#faq\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr\",\"mainEntity\":[\n    { \"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Que sont les modal substitutes ?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Les modal substitutes sont des mots ou expressions qui remplacent un verbe modal pour exprimer le m\u00eame sens aux temps et formes que les modaux n'ont pas. 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Pour une chose pr\u00e9cise r\u00e9ussie une fois, employez was\/were able to, pas could : \u00ab After an hour, I was able to fix it \u00bb, pas \u00ab I could fix it. \u00bb\"} }\n]}\n<\/script><br \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{ \"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"LearningResource\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/centre-apprentissage-anglais\/grammaire-anglaise\/modal-substitutes\/#article\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/centre-apprentissage-anglais\/grammaire-anglaise\/modal-substitutes\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/centre-apprentissage-anglais\/grammaire-anglaise\/modal-substitutes\/\",\"headline\":\"Les modal substitutes en anglais : comment les employer\",\"description\":\"Les modal substitutes en anglais (have to, be able to, be allowed to, be supposed to) : quand et comment les employer \u00e0 tous les temps, avec des exemples et des exercices gratuits.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr\",\"learningResourceType\":\"Grammar lesson with exercises\",\"educationalLevel\":\"B1 to B2 (CEFR)\",\"about\":{\"@type\":\"Thing\",\"name\":\"English modal substitutes\"},\"audience\":{\"@type\":\"EducationalAudience\",\"educationalRole\":\"student\"},\"author\":{\"@type\":\"EducationalOrganization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/#org\",\"name\":\"Live English\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"EducationalOrganization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/#org\",\"name\":\"Live English\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/live-english.net\/\"} }\n<\/script><\/p>\n <aside id=\"custom_html-66\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html amr_widget\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div>\r\n\t<br><br>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<!--EN-->\r\n<aside id=\"custom_html-74\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html amr_widget\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div><a href=\"https:\/\/member.booknstart.com\/trial-registration?lg=fr&amp;referred_by=CTA&amp;office_id=3\" title=\"Book a Free Trial Lesson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img alt=\"Book your free English trial lesson\" src='https:\/\/live-english.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/CTA-cours-gratuit.jpg'><\/a>\t\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/aside> <!--FR-->\r\n<!--IT-->\r\n<!--DE-->\r\n <!--ES-->\r\n <!--HE-->\r\n <!--RU--><\/div><\/aside>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les modal substitutes en anglais : comment les employer 10,000+ pros form\u00e9s&bull;depuis 2007&bull;4.9\/5 de note&bull;professeurs natifs exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s&bull;essai gratuit, sans carte Les modal substitutes sont des mots ou expressions qui remplacent un verbe modal pour exprimer la m\u00eame id\u00e9e aux temps<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":51573,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-51834","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/51834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51834"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/51834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51836,"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/51834\/revisions\/51836"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/51573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/live-english.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}